Coding Agents and Complexity Budgets

· agents, product-design

Key Points

  • Lee Robinson (Vercel VP) migrated Cursor.com from CMS back to raw code/Markdown
  • Completed in 3 days, cost $260 in tokens (297M tokens, mostly cached)
  • 344 agent requests, 67 commits, 43K lines added, 322K removed

The Problem with CMS + AI Agents

CMSs introduce hidden complexity:

  • User management duplication
  • Preview workflows
  • Internationalization hurdles
  • Asset delivery costs ($56K CDN bill)
  • Abstraction bloat

The network boundary is costly — agents cannot grep or understand data trapped behind APIs.

The Core Insight

The cost of abstractions with AI is very high.

Every layer between AI and the thing it's working with = friction, cost, failure points.

Abstracted Direct
CMS API (auth, fetch, parse) Read file, edit, save
10+ tool calls 1 tool call

Why Abstractions Hurt AI More Than Humans

Humans can:

  • Click through GUIs intuitively
  • Remember documentation
  • Handle unexpected changes

AI agents must:

  • Make API calls for everything (tokens)
  • Re-learn abstractions every session
  • Parse responses, handle edge cases

The Tradeoff Flipped

Era Abstraction value
Pre-AI Abstractions save human time (worth complexity)
AI era Abstractions cost tokens + reduce effectiveness

Implication

If an agent can work directly with the thing, don't put a layer in between.

With AI agents, reducing abstraction layers becomes economically rational. Complexity that seemed necessary now has a simple solution: "spend tokens."

My Takeaways

  • This validates MindCapsule's design — just Markdown files, no database
  • Architecture decisions need rethinking in AI era
  • "Code as content" wins because agents can grep/read/edit directly
  • The simpler the environment, the better agents perform

Related

  • Domain-Specific Agents — same principle: reduce decision surface
  • Cloud Infrastructure — where this insight lives in tech context